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Adolphus VIII, Count of Holstein
Adolphus XI of Schauenburg〔The numbering varies between authors: some authors call him Adolphus XI of Schauenburg, because there were ten earlier Adolphs among his siblings in the House of Schauenburg, others call him Adolph VIII, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg, because he was the eighth count of that name ruling there. As duke of Schleswig he was Adolph I.〕 (, (ドイツ語:Adolf von Schauenburg), (デンマーク語:Adolf 8. af Holsten-Rendsborg)) (1401 – 4 December 1459), as Adolph I Duke of Schleswig (Danish, ''Sønderjylland'', formerly ''Slesvig''), and as Adolph VIII Count of Holstein-Rendsburg, was the mightiest vassal of the Danish realm.
==Background==
Adolph descended from a branch of the House of Schauenburg, who had for centuries been counts of Holstein, and as such, vassals of the Holy Roman Empire. His great-grandfather Gerhard the Great, having also been a Regent of the Kingdom of Denmark, had received the Duchy of Sønderjylland from the Danish crown as a hereditary fief. It had been lost for the Schauenburgs between 1330 and 1375, with Queen Margaret I of Denmark restricting the regained ducal power in 1386, and again from 1414 to 1440.
Count Adolph's parents were Gerhard VI, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg and Catherine Elisabeth of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Adolph was only three years old when his father was killed in action against the Ditmarsians in the Battle at Hamme near Heide (today's Schleswig-Holstein), on 4 August 1404. Adolph was educated at the court of Frederick I, Margrave of Brandenburg at Hohenzollern Castle.〔(''Elisabeth, -1404-, Hertuginde af Sønderjylland'' (Dansk biografisk Lexikon) )〕〔Paul Zimmermann, "Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie". 1884〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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